Radiator for internal-combustion engines



March 16,1926. 3 1,576,756 w. w.-.Mu.l R

- RADIATOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION'BNGINES Filed August 16; 1922 2snets-sheet 1 March 16 ;-1926 1,576,756 w. w. Mum V I RADIATOR FORINTERNAL'COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Augxist '16; 1922 2 She-et s Sheet 2 Iatbozweq Patented Mar, i, 126."

uNrrEo wnnrmoron w. MUIR, or LocKPom, new YonK.

RADIATOR'TFOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed August 16, 1922. Serial No 582,217.

clear, and exact description of the invention,-

such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertains tomake and use the same.

This invention relates to radiators for internal combustion engines andhas for its object to improve the construction as well as the efliciencyof radiators heretofore pro posed.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in the noveldetails of construction and combinations of parts more fully hereinafterdisclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

. Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a partof thisspecification in which like numerals designate like parts in all theviews Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a radiator made inaccordance with this invention; and

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing a somewhat modified formof radiator. I

1 indicates any suitable outer shell or casing, 2 a filling cap thereforprovided with a vent 3 and 4: indicates a pipe or passage through whichsteam, hot water, or a mixture of steam and fluid passes into theradiator. 5 indicates an imperforate v partition on the inside of theshell 1, to provide a chamber or space 6 into which the fluid to becooled enters from the pipe 4;, and 7 indicates a vertically disposedpassage connected with said space 6 down which said fluid flows fromsaid space 6. The passage 7 is formed by the plate or partition 8 spacedfrom the vertical outer shell 1 as shown,

and which is provided with an imperforate extension or partition whichextends between the plates 11 and 12, as shown. A plate!) somewhatsimilar to plate 8 is spaced from the other side of the shell 1 to formthe vertically disposed passage 10 as illustrated. Spaced from thebottom plate 11 of the radiator shell is a third plate 12 to form thep'assage'13, and spaced from the top plate 14 of the shell isfourth-plate 15 to form the air space 16;

It will thus be seen that there is present a pair of channels formedbythe spaces 6 and 7 on the one hand and-the spaces 16, 10 and 13 on theother hand, which are separated by a pair of imperforate partitions.

In the form of the invention shown in Figure 1, the water tubes 17 ofthe radiator are inclined to the horizontal and some of the same passthrough an extension of the partition 5, and the plate 9 as illustrated,while others of the same pass through the plates 8 and 9, and stillothers pass through the plates 8 and 12, as shown. The last mentionedwater tubes 17. deliver into the vided with the partition walls 21 toform a chamber 22 leading directly to the vertically disposed passage 7.u

The water tubes 23 are horizontally disposed instead of inclined as inFigure 1, and they deliver into the vertical passage 10 as shown. Thebottom chamber or passage 13 illustrated in Figure 1 is omitted inFigure 2, and the delivery pipe 18 of Figure 1 is moved up to the top ofthe radiator shell and finds its equivalent in the pipe 25 which maybeconnected to the pump in the usual manner.

The partition 15 of Figure 1 finds its equivalent in the partition 26which extends entirely across the radiator and is spaced 'from the topplate 14 thereof to form an air chamber 27 which is the full equivalentof the chamber 16 in Figure 1. In both of the forms of the invention itwill be observed that the hot fluid first enters the vertical passages7, and passes along the water tubes toward the vertically disposedpassages 10 space 13, while the other of 'said tubes 17 deliver into thevertically disposed channel and becomes condensed through the coolingaction of the air passing between the fins 19,

- In Figure 1, the condensed fluid leaves the extreme ends ofthe tubes17 as it reaches i any air that finds itsway into the passage 13because, as the fluid in said passage 13 reaches the pipe 18, anyair-entrained there-' in will bubble up through any fluid which mayexist in the passage 10 and likewise find its way into the chamber 16.It thus results that no matter how much liquid may be condensed in thisradiator shown in Figure 1, there will always be an escape of air up thepassage 10 into the chamber 16 and out the vent 3. This constitutes animportant feature of this invention for as is well known it is Very.desirable indeed to'usecentrifugal pumps in pumping hot water inautomobile and other internal combustion engines, and that when thewater accmulates in the raditors on the suction sides of said pumps, thecooling system fails to operate satisfactorily. That is to say, when thewater rises in the ordinary radiator honey combs throu h condensation,the vents which are provided and which communicate with the lowerportions of the radiator, become covered with water or liquid and as thepressure increases in the honey comb the cooling fluid is forced outofsaid vents and lost. That is, it is customary 'to use more or lessalcohol or other non-freezing fluid in'the jackets, and as the alcoholis en trained or trapped in the condensed fluid its loss through thevent causes serious inconvenience and expense and other evils followwhich it is not necessary to detail here.

By employing the construction shown in Figure 1, on the other hand,involving a cross flow of the cooling fluid through the water tubes 17,it makes no difference how...

high the said fluid may rise in the honey comb of the radiator for therewill always be avent up the passage 10 into the chamber 16 and out thevent tube 3 for any air that may be carried over and accordingly,

the pressure may rise in the radiator to any reasonable extentwithoutforcing the valuable non-freezing compound with the fluid out ofsaid vent 8. A further important feature of this invention resides inthe fact that the partition 5 separating the chamber 6 from chamber 16is imperforate, for if it was provided with one or more holes above thetubes 17 water and alcoholic vapors would readily escape through saidholes and pass out of the system through the vent 3.

That is to say, as is well known the loss of alcoholic vapor aloneis'quite serious in systems of this kind, and the loss of. the coolingfluid such as water whether in the form of water or vapor is alsoserious for in modern systems of cooling, steam is em might becomedepleted of'cooling liquid and the engine injured before said depletionwas discovered. On the other hand by making the partition 5 imperforateas illustrated and thus compelling both the Water vapor and alco- -holicvapor to pass down through the tubes or channels 17, the alcoholic vaporis largely caught in, or absorbed by, the condensed water in said tubesand the water vapor, itself, is converted into the liquid form so thatno serious loss of alcoholic or Water vapor is experienced. It followsthat this form of radiator is especially adapted for automobile andother engines employing centrifugal pumps, and it has other advan tagesnot necessary to mention here.

In the form shown in Figure 2, substantially the same adva'ntages existfor in this particular modified form of the invention the condensedfluid collects at the bottom of the core, rises to the top thereof, andfills a portion of the space 27 before it can iii H out of the pipe 25to the pump. Therefore, any air which may be carried over by theradiator has a free escape from the surface of the fluid in the space 27through the vent 30, past the ball valve 31 and out the tube 32, all aswill be readily understood from the drawings.

It is thus impossible, in this form of construction, for the increase ofpressure in the radiator to force out of the vent tube 30 any .valuablealcohol or other non-freezing vided so that the vent may be connected toa suction apparatus when desired. That is, this radiator may be operatedat both pressures above and. below that of the atmosphere.

It will now-be clear that in both forms of the invention I employ'across flow core, wherein thecondensed fluid flowsfrom side to side ofthe radiator, instead of from top to bottom, and this has the importantadvantage that the air present can always escape to the atmosphere, andan accumulation of pressure in the radiator will not cause any loss ofcooling fluid. Another in1- portant advantage of this constructionresides in the fact that it is not necessary to run a centrifugal pumpjoined to this radiator at high speeds when the engine is running slow,s-is the case with other radiators,

for the liquid awillaccumulatein the colder passage, and graduallybalance the head offluid on the force side of the pump withoutpermitting asteam pressure to accumulate in the. radiator. "This enablesthe pump at relatively low speeds to force said fluid back into thejacket, which isa feature not present in other radiators so far as'Iknow.

It is further clear that these radiators,

may extract heat from water or'steamlor a mixture ot'water and steamused as a .0001- mg fluid With equal facility.

It is obvious that those skilled in the'a'r t" may vary the details ofconstruction as Well as the arrangement of parts Without departing fromthe spirit bf the invention,'and

' therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the above disclosure exceptas may be required by the claims;

- What is claimed i' p V 1; In a. radiator the combinatio f:

outer shell; plates located inside said-shell, and spacedfromtliefoppositewalls thereof to form'a pair of 'chambers'and a pairofpassages joined to said cliambers;- an imperforate partition insidesaid 'shellseparat- 'ing said chambers from each other; means to conductthe fluid to be cooled into one of said chambers; a plurality of Watertubes ill: clined to thehorizontal planev joining said pair of passages;a vent leading from the other of said chambers; and means-t0 Withdrawthecooled fluid from theradiator.

2. In a radiator the combination of ;an outer shell; plates spaced fromopposite walls of said shell to iform a pair of chambers and a pairofpassages joined to said chambers; a 'pairof imperforate partitionsseparating said chambers and passages; a

plurality of water tubes supported by said plates and terminating insaid passages; one

of said imperfor'ate partitions provided with an extension to form oneof said chambers; means to conduct; fluid to said radiator; means towithdraw fluid from said radiator; and means to ventair from saidradiator,

In a radiator the combination of an 4 outer shell provided with a pairof vertical inside passages disposed along opposite Walls of said shell;means comprising a plurality of water passages joining said ,first namedpassages; means comprising a chamber to. receive a fluid and pass thesame to be cooled into one of said passages; means comprising a secondchamber to receive any air given off from said Water passages; meanscomprising an imperforate partition separating said first and secondnamed chambers adapted to compel all fluids entering said first namedchamber to traverse said Water passages before entering-said secondnain'ed chamber; and means to conduct off the condensed fluid from saidradiator.

4. Ina radiator the combination of an .outershell provided with a pairof vertically disposedinside passages along opposite walls; apluralityof water tubes joining said passages; means comprisinga chamber toconduct the fluid to be cooled -to one of said passages; 'meanscomprising a second chamber and vent to conduct off any air present fromthe other of said passages;

".means-to conductf off the condensed fluid fromthe radiator; and meansto compel Water and other vapors enter ng ,said first namedchamber topass through said tubes from said top to provide separatechamberscommunicating with said passages; means to introduce hot fluid into oneof said chambers; and means to permitair to escape from the other ofsa1d chambers. 5

6. A radiator for: internal combustion en gines provided with verticallydisposed passages and cross'flowwatertubes con- 'nected in paralleltherewitlrfor conducting the fluid to be cooled froin side to side of.the radiator instead of from top to bott'om thereof; means comprising achamber dispo sed. above said passages by Wlnch each tube and the entireradiator may be vented of any air present therein even though said 'tubebe immersed in fluid; and means to compel any water or other vaporpresent to pass through said tubes before it can be vented.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature WELLINGTON W; MUIR.

